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Genetic variability in outcross and selfed pollinated fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) populations based on morphological and ISSR markers

Maryam Salamia, Mehdi Rahimmaleka*, Mohammad Hossein Ehtemama

J. Agr. Sci. Tech. (2017) Vol. 19: 157-172

Abstract

  Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to assess the genetic diversity among 23 outcross and self pollinated populations of fennel collected from different geographical regions of Iran and some European countries. The experiment was carried out to determine the effect of self-pollination on morphological traits and genetic diversity in next generation. Fifteen primers produced 248 polymorphic bands with an average of 16.53 fragments per primer in outcross populations, while 217 polymorphic fragments with an average of 14.46 fragments per primer were generated in self-pollinated populations. UPGMA dendrogram using Jaccard’s similarity coefficients placed outcross populations in five major groups. The maximum and minimum gene diversity over loci was observed in Albania (0.53) and Poland (0.42) populations, respectively. In general, European fennel population revealed higher expected heterozygosity (0.47) in comparison with Iranian ones (0.35). Polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.37 to 0.49 in self-pollinated populations, while it varied from 0.39 to 0.46 in out-cross ones. The classification based on morphological data did not confirm the molecular ones in most cases.  Self-pollination led to decline in plant height in most of the studied populations. In overall, Plant height of the European populations (54-66.02 cm) was less than that of Iranian ones (55-109.54 cm). Self-pollination elevated the yield of essential oil in studied fennels through its influence on fruit set. In conclusion, population Albania had the highest oil content affected by self-pollination; hence it can be introduced as one of the valued source in fennel breeding programs aimed for oil yield improvement. In overall, self pollination can lead to the populations with higher amount of secondary metabolites.

Journal Papers
Month/Season: 
Fall
Year: 
2017

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Genetic variability in outcross and selfed pollinated fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) populations based on morphological and ISSR markers | Dr. Mehdi Rahimmalek

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